The first inhabitants of the island of Bali expected to come in 3000-2500 BC who migrated from Asia. Remains of the stone tools were found in the village Cekik located in the western part of the island. Age of prehistory and ending with the arrival of Hinduism and written language Sanskrit from India in 100 BC. Kuta very famous with it beach activities like surfing, canoeing, etc.Balinese culture and then got a strong influence of Indian culture process is faster after the 1st century AD. Balidwipa name (Bali island) began to be found in various inscriptions, including inscriptions Blanjong issued by Sri Kesari Warmadewa in 913 AD and mentioning the word Walidwipa. Estimated at about this time that irrigation system subak was developed for rice cultivation. Some religious and cultural traditions also began to develop at that time. Kingdom of Majapahit (1293-1500 AD) who are Hindu and centered on the island of Java, had founded the kingdom of subordinates in Bali around the year 1343 AD It was almost throughout the country are Hindus, but as the coming of Islam stood the Islamic kingdoms in the archipelago, among others, led to the collapse of Majapahit. Many nobles, priests, artists and other Hindu community when it is away from Java to Bali. The Europeans who first discovered Bali is Cornelis de Houtman from Holland in 1597, though a Portuguese ship had previously been dumped near the Bukit peninsula, Jimbaran, in 1585. Dutch through the VOC began to carry out the occupation in the land of Bali, but continue to get resistance, so until the end of the power of their position in Bali is not as solid as their position in the Java or the Moluccas. Starting from the northern region of Bali, since the 1840s has become a permanent presence of the Dutch who originally performed with the pit-sheep variety of Balinese authorities are not mutually trust each other. Dutch major attack by sea and land against the Sanur region and followed by the Denpasar. Bali party who lost in numbers and armaments do not want to experience shame because of giving up, thus causing the war to the death or bellows that involves all the people both men and women including the king. An estimated 4,000 people were killed in the incident, although the Netherlands has ordered them to surrender. Furthermore, the Dutch governors who ruled only a few influences on the island, so that local control of religion and culture generally does not change. Japan occupied Bali during World War II and was a military officer named I Gusti Ngurah Rai Bali forming forces 'freedom fighters'. Following the Japanese surrender in the Pacific in August 1945, the Dutch promptly returned to Indonesia (including Bali) to re-establish its colonial rule as a state before the war. This was opposed by the forces of resistance Bali who was using Japanese weapons. On 20 November 1945, fighting broke out Puputan Margarana happened in the village of Marga, Tabanan, Bali middle. Colonel I Gusti Ngurah Rai who was 29 years old, led his army from the eastern region of Bali to launch an attack to death on the Dutch armed forces. All members of the battalion were killed Bali everything and make it as the last Balinese military resistance. In 1946 the Dutch made Bali as one of 13 areas of the new State of East Indonesia was proclaimed, that as one of the main rival to the Republic of Indonesia which was proclaimed and headed by Sukarno and Hatta. Bali then also incorporated into the United States of Indonesia when the Dutch recognized Indonesia's independence on December 29, 1949. In 1950 Bali officially leave perserikatannya the Netherlands and legally became a province of the Republic of Indonesia. The eruption of Mount Agung in 1963, had shaken the people's economy and caused many residents of Bali transmigrated to other areas in Indonesia. In 1965, along with the failure by the G30S coup against the national government in Jakarta, Bali and many other areas there was a crackdown against members and sympathizers of the Communist Party of Indonesia. In Bali, it is estimated more than 100,000 people were killed or missing. Nevertheless, the events in the early days of New Order until now has not managed to be disclosed by law. [6] Terrorist attacks have occurred on October 12, 2002, a bomb attack in 2002 in Bali Kuta Beach tourist area, causing as many as 202 people were killed and 209 others were injured. 2005 Bali bomb attacks also occurred three years later in Kuta and Jimbaran beach. Such events received widespread international coverage because most of the victims were foreign tourists and led to Bali's tourism industry faces severe challenges in recent years. |
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